Association of growth differentiation factor-15 level with adverse outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery

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Tingjian Li1, Youjin Chen1, Tingting Ye1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Atherosclerosis Plus
|January 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Elevated growth-differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels predict adverse outcomes in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This finding aids in risk stratification for better patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarkers
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Conflicting results exist regarding growth-differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels and adverse outcomes in stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Understanding the prognostic value of GDF-15 is crucial for managing stable CAD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between baseline GDF-15 levels and adverse outcomes in patients with stable CAD.
  • To clarify the predictive role of GDF-15 in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and Embase up to May 31, 2021.
  • Seven studies involving 28,765 stable CAD patients were included in this meta-analysis.
  • Pooled multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated comparing the highest versus lowest GDF-15 levels.

Main Results:

  • Higher GDF-15 levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of MACEs (HR 1.42; 95% CI 1.29-1.57).
  • Elevated GDF-15 also correlated with higher cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.64; 95% CI 1.25-2.14) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.67-2.42).
  • These associations were consistent across various subgroups, indicating the robustness of GDF-15 as a predictor.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated blood GDF-15 is an independent predictor of MACEs, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in stable CAD.
  • Baseline GDF-15 levels are valuable for risk stratification in stable CAD patients.
  • GDF-15 may serve as a key biomarker for identifying high-risk individuals within this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Growth-differentiation factor-15Major adverse cardiovascular eventsMeta-analysisMortalityStable coronary artery disease

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