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Raising Capacity to Address Mental Health Concerns in Costa Rica.

Thomas A O'Mara¹, Kurt Angstman², Douglas B Spicer¹

¹College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, USA.

|January 16, 2023

Summary

A training program in Costa Rica improved health workers' knowledge and confidence in suicide prevention. Follow-up surveys indicated lasting positive impacts on mental health care practices.

Keywords:

bipolar global health education interprofessional education and collaboration medical education medical trips mental health and suicide suicide prevention suicide risk survey analysis underserved population

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Area of Science:

Global Health
Medical Education
Mental Health Services

Background:

A family medicine team from Mayo Clinic provided direct care and needs assessments in La Cruz, Costa Rica.
Suicide awareness and prevention were identified as critical needs due to rising rates and limited psychiatric services.
A half-day educational course on mental health and suicide prevention was delivered to local health workers.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the lasting changes in practice, confidence, and knowledge among local health workers following a suicide prevention training.
To contribute to the limited research on mental health provider education in underserved regions.

Main Methods:

Eighty-one local health workers (primary care providers, nurses, social workers, finance officers) participated in two groups.
Pre- and post-lecture surveys assessed demographics, experience, and confidence; a 4-6 month follow-up survey evaluated retention.
Educational content focused on mental health, suicide awareness, and personal resilience, delivered with local translators.

Main Results:

Preliminary data showed a 15.4% increase in correct responses from pre-test to post-test (38.1% to 53.5%, p < 0.01).
Health workers with prior suicide exposure were significantly more likely to ask patients about suicide (56.3% vs. 8.3%, p < 0.01).
At six-month follow-up, low confidence in addressing mental health concerns decreased from 35.2% to 0% (p < 0.01), with improved high confidence trends.

Conclusions:

The educational intervention was successfully delivered to a mixed audience of health workers in Costa Rica.
Surveys indicated knowledge acquisition and a positive trend in improved confidence and knowledge retention over time.
Findings support building on this model for future capacity-building initiatives alongside direct care in underserved areas.