Response Inhibition in Youth Undergoing Intensive Treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Response Inhibition (RI) is the ability to suppress behaviors that are inappropriate for a given context. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with impaired RI in adults as measured by the Stop Signal Task (SST). Conflicting results have been found in terms of the relationship between OCD severity and SST performance, and no studies to date have examined the relationship between SST and response to OCD treatment. Also relatively unknown is whether RI performance in OCD is associated with developmental or gender differences. This naturalistic study examined the relationship between SST performance, OCD severity, and OCD treatment response in a pediatric sample undergoing intensive treatment involving exposure and response prevention and medication management (n = 36). The SST and Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CYBOCS) were administered at admission and program discharge. OCD severity was not significantly related to stop signal reaction time (SSRT) in the whole sample and among subgroups divided by age and gender. Baseline SSRT and SSRT change did not predict CYBOCS change across treatment in the whole sample, but exploratory analyses indicated both were significant predictors among female adolescents. Results suggest there may be developmental gender differences in the relationship between RI and clinical improvement in pediatric OCD.