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Wind-energy development alters pronghorn migration at multiple scales.

Megan C Milligan1, Aaron N Johnston1, Jeffrey L Beck2

  • 1U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center Bozeman Montana USA.

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Wind energy development disrupts pronghorn migration, causing behavioral changes like avoiding turbines and altering route fidelity. These adjustments may reduce migration

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Renewable Energy Impacts

Background:

  • Anthropogenic activities, particularly energy development, increasingly disrupt wildlife migration routes.
  • Wind energy is a growing renewable source, but its impacts on migratory species beyond birds and bats are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of wind energy development on pronghorn migration behavior and habitat selection.
  • To assess potential impacts on connectivity and functional benefits, such as stopover site availability.

Main Methods:

  • GPS-collared female pronghorn were monitored from 2010-2012 and 2018-2020 in south-central Wyoming, USA.
  • 286 migration sequences from 117 individuals were analyzed across spring, fall, and winter migrations.

Main Results:

  • Pronghorn exhibited behavioral adjustments around wind turbines, including avoiding them for stopover sites and selecting areas farther away.
  • Increased distance from turbines significantly increased the probability of stopover site selection in spring and winter.
  • Migration route fidelity decreased near wind turbines under construction, with altered movement speeds observed near operational turbines.

Conclusions:

  • Wind energy development influences pronghorn migration behavior and habitat selection.
  • Behavioral adjustments to wind turbines may negatively affect the long-term functional benefits of pronghorn migration, including foraging and route availability.