Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

12.1K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.1K
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

200
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
200
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

560
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
560
The Placebo Effect01:54

The Placebo Effect

6.2K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.2K
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

1.1K
Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
1.1K
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

1.4K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

Age-dependent increase in peripheral neuropeptide Y with no cross-sectional link to depression.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2026
Same author

First-in-human intranasal [<sup>13</sup>N]oxytocin PET: evaluation of feasibility, biodistribution, and radiation dosimetry.

EJNMMI research·2025
Same author

Gender-affirming hormone therapy, quality of life, and the role of oestradiol and testosterone in transgender individuals.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2025
Same author

Exploration of possible sex bias in acute social stress research: a semi-systematic review.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2023
Same author

Development and validation of the Male Post-coital Affect Scale for heterosexual men.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2023
Same author

Predicting psychogenic non-epileptic seizures from serum levels of neuropeptide Y and adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
06:24

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies

Published on: January 10, 2025

867

No decrease in perseverance and performance on cognitive tasks in Danish cohort of hormonal contraceptive users.

Maria Nissen Byg1, Andrea Dioni1, Michael Winterdahl1,2

  • 1Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Acta Neuropsychiatrica
|January 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) did not impact women's perseverance or accuracy on cognitive tasks. This study found no evidence that HCs affect cognitive performance in Danish women.

Keywords:
Anagram Persistence TaskHagen Matrices Testhormonal contraceptionoral contraceptivesperseverance

More Related Videos

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.0K
Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
07:30

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
06:24

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies

Published on: January 10, 2025

867
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.0K
Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
07:30

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cognitive effects of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are under-researched.
  • HCs are widely used by women globally.
  • Understanding potential cognitive impacts is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hormonal contraceptive use and cognitive perseverance.
  • To examine if hormonal contraceptive use affects cognitive task accuracy.
  • To compare cognitive performance between HC users and naturally cycling women.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional repeated measures design.
  • Online administration of the Anagram Persistence Task and Hagen Matrices Test.
  • Survey on menstrual and HC history from 129 Danish women.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in perseverance was found between HC users and naturally cycling women.
  • No significant difference in accuracy (number of incorrect answers) was observed.
  • Statistical analyses (multilevel regression, generalized linear models) did not support the hypotheses.

Conclusions:

  • This study found no evidence that hormonal contraceptives affect cognitive perseverance or accuracy.
  • Results suggest that HC use is not associated with measurable cognitive performance changes in the studied tasks.
  • Further research may explore other cognitive domains or specific HC formulations.