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Lung function before and after COVID-19 in young adults: A population-based study.
Ida Mogensen1, Jenny Hallberg1,2, Sophia Björkander1
1Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Global
|January 17, 2023
Summary
Mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) did not impact long-term lung function in young adults. Asthma, allergic sensitization, or inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use did not alter these findings in the study population.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Limited evidence exists on the long-term effects of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 on young adults' lung function.
- Investigating potential long-term respiratory sequelae in this demographic is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of COVID-19 on lung function in young adults.
- To determine if asthma, allergic sensitization, or inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use modifies this impact.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the population-based BAMSE cohort, comparing lung function (spirometry) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Defined COVID-19 seropositivity using SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM, and/or IgA levels.
- Analyzed changes in FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio, examining the influence of allergic sensitization and ICS use in seropositive individuals.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in lung function changes (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) were observed between COVID-19 seropositive and seronegative young adults.
- These findings held true even for participants with asthma.
- Allergic sensitization and ICS use did not influence lung function outcomes among seropositive participants.
Conclusions:
- Mild-to-moderate COVID-19 does not appear to have a long-term negative impact on lung function in young adults.
- Pre-existing conditions like asthma and allergic sensitization, or the use of ICS, did not modify the lung function outcomes post-COVID-19.
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