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Long term phase separation dynamics in liquid crystal-enriched microdroplets obtained from binary fluid mixtures.

Mehzabin Patel1, Seishi Shimizu2, Martin A Bates2

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Summary

Phase separation in binary liquid mixtures was studied in confined liquid crystal droplets. Microscale transitions deviate from bulk phase diagrams, offering insights into material systems like polymer and protein solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Long-term phase separation in binary liquid mixtures is a key area of fundamental research.
  • Understanding confined systems is crucial as their behavior can differ significantly from bulk phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of phase separation in binary liquid mixtures with minority phases confined in liquid crystal (LC)-rich droplets.
  • To analyze the evolution of droplet size, defects, and mesogen alignment over time.
  • To compare experimental observations with computational simulations and understand microscale deviations from bulk thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing polarization microscopy to visualize the configuration and evolution of LC-rich droplets during phase separation.
  • Conducting computational simulations to model the phase separation dynamics.
  • Comparing experimental data with simulation results to elucidate differences between bulk and confined systems.

Main Results:

  • Observed the evolution of size, defect structures, and mesogen alignment within confined LC droplets over time.
  • Identified deviations in phase transition behavior at the microscale compared to bulk phase diagrams.
  • Quantified differences in thermodynamics between bulk phase separation and droplet confinement.

Conclusions:

  • Microscale phase transitions in confined systems, such as LC droplets, can exhibit distinct behaviors compared to bulk phase diagrams.
  • The study provides valuable insights into the thermodynamics of phase separation in confined geometries.
  • Findings are relevant to various material systems undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation, including polymer and protein solutions.