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The effect of hereditary thrombotic factors and comorbidities on the severity of COVID-19 disease

M Kose1, N Senkal, H Konyaoglu

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. nacisenkal@gmail.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|January 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hereditary thrombotic factors like Factor II G20210A and Beta-fibrinogen G-455A were more common in COVID-19 patients. Factor V Leiden mutation was linked to increased D-dimer levels, indicating a potential role in disease severity.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-systemic infectious disease with significant public health implications.
  • Understanding factors influencing COVID-19's chronic and systemic course is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hereditary thrombotic factors and the clinical course of COVID-19.
  • To explore the role of specific genetic mutations in COVID-19 severity and related biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of five polymorphic loci (Factor V Leiden, FII G20210A, Beta-fibrinogen G-455A, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C) in COVID-19 patients using multiplex PCR.
  • Classification of patients based on clinical disease severity (severe vs. mild).

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher frequencies of FII G20210A and Beta-fibrinogen G-455A genotypes were observed in the study group compared to literature data.
  • Factor V Leiden (FVL) wildtype genotype was associated with lower D-dimer levels, while the GA genotype increased D-dimer levels 2.55-fold.
  • Beta-fibrinogen G-455G genotype was more prevalent in patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (>250 U/L).

Conclusions:

  • While no direct correlation was found between the five thrombotic mutations and overall COVID-19 severity, FII G20210A and Beta-fibrinogen G-455A mutations were notably frequent.
  • The increased carrier frequency of FII G20210A and Beta-fibrinogen G-455A mutations in COVID-19 patients warrants further investigation with larger cohorts.
  • The FVL mutation's association with elevated D-dimer levels suggests a potential role in thrombotic risk stratification for COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

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