Vanadium-Tailored Silicon Composite with Furthered Ion Diffusion Behaviors for Longevity Lithium-Ion Storage

As one of the promising anode materials, silicon has attracted much attention due to its high theoretical specific capacity (∼3579 mAh g^-1) and suitable lithium alloying voltage (0.1-0.4 V). Nevertheless, the enormous volume expansion (∼300%) in the process of lithium alloying has a great negative effect on its cyclic stability, which seriously restricts the large-scale industrial preparation of silicon anodes. Herein, we design a facile synthesis strategy combining vanadium doping and carbon coating to prepare a silicon-based composite (V-Si@C). The prepared V-Si@C composite does not merely show improved conductivity but also improved electrochemical kinetics, attributed to the enlarged lattice spacing by V doping. Additionally, the superiority of this doping strategy accompanied by microstructure change is embodied in the relieved volume changes during the repeated charging/discharging process. Notably, the initial capacity of the advanced V-Si@C electrode is 904 mAh g^-1 (1 A g^-1) and still holds at 1216 mAh g^-1 even after 600 cycles, showing superior electrochemical performance. This study offers an alternative direction for the large-scale preparation of high-performance silicon-based anodes.