Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.0K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

43.6K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
43.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

27.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
27.1K
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

12.2K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
12.2K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.9K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.9K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

47.6K
The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
47.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Redox-Active β-Tetrathiophenyl Porphyrins as Next-Generation Hole-Transport Materials in Perovskite Photodetectors.

Chemistry, an Asian journal·2026
Same author

Cu-Atom-Doped CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> Nanocrystals for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Reaction.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Engineering of a Near-Infrared Transparent Dielectric-Metal-Dielectric Electrode for <i>p</i>-<i>i</i>-<i>n</i> Perovskite Solar Cells in 4T Silicon/Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Electro-Optical Analysis of Carrier Dynamics in Lead-Free Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>I<sub>9</sub> Perovskite.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Carrier Dynamics Relaxation in Highly Monodisperse CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Quantum Dots: The Role of Quantum Confinement.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Interstitial Copper Doping in Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>: A Pathway to Enhanced Radiation Detection Performance.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
11:38

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

18.6K

Elucidating Polaron Dynamics in Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite.

Naveen Kumar Tailor1, Saurabh K Saini2, Pankaj Yadav3

  • 1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand247667, India.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|January 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 perovskites show promise for optoelectronics, but their performance is limited by small polaron formation. This study reveals polaron localization and hopping as key factors affecting carrier dynamics in these materials.

More Related Videos

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.2K
Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

16.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
11:38

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance

Published on: February 27, 2017

18.6K
Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.2K
Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

16.7K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskites are emerging alternatives to lead-based materials for optoelectronic devices.
  • Research has focused on device engineering, with less attention on intrinsic photophysical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intrinsic photophysical properties limiting carrier dynamics in Cs2AgBiBr6.
  • To understand the role of polaron formation and localization in Cs2AgBiBr6 performance.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy to study photoexcitation effects.
  • Temperature-dependent AC conductivity measurements to analyze conduction mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Small polaron formation and localization under photoexcitation limit carrier dynamics.
  • Single polaron hopping is identified as the dominant conduction mechanism.
  • Photoexcitation induces lattice deformation, forming self-trapped states (STSs) that rapidly trap charge carriers.

Conclusions:

  • Small polarons and their localization are intrinsic limitations in Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskites.
  • Understanding these properties is crucial for optimizing Cs2AgBiBr6 and other bismuth-based semiconductors.