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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

In Vitro Cultivation Techniques for Modeling Liver Organogenesis, Building Assembloids, and Designing Synthetic Tissues using Human Cell Lines
Published on: April 18, 2025
Advancing organoid design through co-emergence, assembly, and bioengineering.
Miguel F Tenreiro1, Mariana A Branco1, João P Cotovio1
1Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.
Human stem cells and organoids offer insights into biology and disease. Emerging technologies are improving organoid models to overcome limitations like variability and size, enhancing their potential for research.
Area of Science:
- Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
- Developmental biology and disease modeling.
Background:
- Human adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are valuable tools for studying biology and disease.
- Organoids, self-organized stem cell derivatives, mimic native tissues but face challenges in variability, function, and size.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize emerging technologies for designing organoids with enhanced biological fidelity and physiological relevance.
- To provide insights into utilizing these advanced organoid technologies to realize the full potential of stem cells in research.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of recent sophisticated methodologies in organoid development.
- Focus on techniques addressing organoid variability, limited function, and size constraints.
Main Results:
- Identification of advanced organoid design strategies.
- Demonstration of improved biological fidelity and physiological relevance in novel organoid models.
Conclusions:
- Emerging organoid technologies are crucial for overcoming current limitations.
- These advancements will unlock the potential of stem cells for understanding human biology and disease.

