Vitamin D status of adults in Germany

Vitamin D plays an important role in the body as part of bone metabolism. Blood serum concentrations demonstrate that 30.2% of adults (29.7% of women and 30.8% of men) have a deficient vitamin D status. In total, 38.4% of adults (38.6% of women, 38.3% of men) have an adequate status. Although there is little variation among men between the various age groups, the proportion of women with deficient vitamin D status increases with age, while the proportion of women with an adequate status decreases. Furthermore, adults with a low socio-economic status are significantly more likely to have a deficient vitamin D status than adults with a higher socio-economic status. Vitamin D status is subject to strong seasonal fluctuations. In order to ensure adequate concentrations of serum vitamin D, it is recommended to expose the face, hands and arms to the sun two to three times a week between March and October without using sun protection; however, sunburn should be strictly avoided.