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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Pregnancy: Updates in Principles and Practice
Abigail Watts1, Alexander G Duarte
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in pregnancy is rare but requires prompt diagnosis and management. Treatment principles for pregnant individuals are similar to those for nonpregnant patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Acute respiratory failure affects 0.05% to 0.3% of pregnancies.
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by hypoxemic respiratory failure and pulmonary edema.
- Limited data exist on ARDS in pregnant individuals, but management is largely consistent with nonpregnant patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnosis and management of ARDS in pregnant patients.
- To highlight the key pathophysiological features of ARDS relevant to pregnancy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on ARDS in pregnancy.
- Synthesis of existing data on ARDS pathophysiology and clinical management.
Main Results:
- ARDS in pregnancy presents with hypoxemia, reduced lung volumes, and decreased compliance.
- Management strategies for pregnant patients with ARDS do not significantly differ from nonpregnant patients.
Conclusions:
- Prompt recognition and management of ARDS are crucial in pregnant individuals.
- Current evidence suggests similar treatment protocols for ARDS in pregnant and nonpregnant populations.
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