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miR-503 targets MafK to inhibit subcutaneous preadipocyte adipogenesis causing a decrease of backfat thickness in

Rui Cai1, Mingkun Chao1, Tiantian Zhao1

  • 1Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

Meat Science
|January 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNA-503 (miR-503) plays a dual role in pig fat deposition, promoting cell proliferation but inhibiting differentiation. This finding offers a new biomarker for reducing backfat thickness (BFT) in pigs.

Keywords:
AdipogenesisBackfat thicknessGuanzhong Black pigMafKSubcutaneous preadipocytemiR-503

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Reducing backfat thickness (BFT) is crucial for improving carcass quality in developed Chinese pig breeds.
  • Guanzhong Black pigs exhibit higher BFT and body fat content but lower miR-503 levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to Large White pigs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-503 on adipogenic differentiation in subcutaneous preadipocytes.
  • To identify miR-503 as a potential biomarker for regulating pig BFT.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of miR-503 levels in Guanzhong Black and Large White pigs.
  • Assessment of miR-503's impact on preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation.
  • Investigation of the molecular mechanism involving miR-503 targeting of MafK.

Main Results:

  • miR-503 promotes preadipocyte proliferation by increasing S-phase and EdU-positive cells.
  • miR-503 inhibits preadipocyte differentiation by downregulating adipogenic gene expression.
  • miR-503 directly targets musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog K (MafK) to repress adipogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • miR-503 exhibits a dual role in adipogenesis, promoting proliferation while inhibiting differentiation.
  • miR-503 serves as a novel miRNA biomarker for reducing pig BFT and enhancing carcass quality.