Combination of NIR spectroscopy and algorithms for rapid differentiation between one-year and two-year stored rice

Storage is necessary for rice to ensure the year-round consumption of rice. With the increase in storage time, the taste quality and commercial value of rice gradually decrease. The accurate determination of the freshness of rice is critical to the rice trade. However, it is difficult to distinguish aging rice from fresh rice, so a quick and simple method is needed to identify the freshness of the rice. In this study, a combination of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and various algorithms, such as partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), support vector machines (SVM), and classification and regression trees (CART), were used to differentiate the freshness of rice. PLS-DA and SVM demonstrated excellent classification ability in identifying the freshness of rice, with sensitivity and specificity of 1. The original spectra were used with 100% accuracy in the test set to determine the freshness of the rice. As a result, PLS-DA and SVM can be used to determine the freshness of the rice.