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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.6K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.4K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

9.8K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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Assessing Two-dimensional Crystallization Trials of Small Membrane Proteins for Structural Biology Studies by Electron Crystallography
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Assessing Two-dimensional Crystallization Trials of Small Membrane Proteins for Structural Biology Studies by Electron Crystallography

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Integrated ionic sieving channels from engineering ordered monolayer two-dimensional crystallite structures.

Wei Guo1, Kai Chi1, Jiahao Yan2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

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|January 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered graphene crystallite arrays create angstrom-size channels for selective water transport, excluding ions. This breakthrough advances molecular separation and energy conversion applications.

Keywords:
Anisotropic etchingIonic sievingMonolayer grapheneTwo-dimensional

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Atomically thin solid-state channels are crucial for molecular separation and energy conversion.
  • Controlling channel density, height, distance, and edge structure is key to performance.
  • Previous demonstrations were limited to microscale two-dimensional (2D) crystal stripes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer highly ordered, scalable monolayer graphene crystallite arrays.
  • To precisely control the size, shape, distance, and edge structure of these arrays.
  • To demonstrate the application of these engineered channels in selective molecular transport.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for graphene synthesis.
  • Employed a modified anisotropic etching approach for array engineering.
  • Fabricated integrated angstrom-size (3.4 Å) channels using the graphene crystallite arrays.

Main Results:

  • Achieved large-area, highly ordered monolayer graphene crystallite arrays.
  • Demonstrated precise control over array dimensions and edge structure.
  • Engineered channels that allow water transport while excluding hydrated ions.

Conclusions:

  • The engineered graphene crystallite arrays serve as pillars supporting a single-crystal graphene film.
  • The fabricated angstrom-size channels show potential for selective ionic sieving and nanofiltration.
  • This method offers a scalable approach for advanced separation and energy conversion technologies.