Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 13, 2025
06:19
Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
Published on: May 31, 2024
928
Cooling Anesthesia for Intravitreal Injections - A Review
Priya R Chandrasekaran1, Aamir A Aziz2, Hannah Khan2
1Department of Medical Retina, Uvea and Neuro-Ophthalmology, Lotus Eye Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|January 20, 2023
Summary
Cooling anesthesia offers a novel approach to reduce pain and anxiety during intravitreal injections, improving patient compliance with essential treatments for retinal conditions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Intravitreal injections are a common retinal clinic procedure, crucial for treating conditions like nAMD and diabetic macular edema.
- Patient discomfort during injections can lead to missed treatments, necessitating improved pain management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of cooling anesthesia in mitigating pain, anxiety, and discomfort associated with intravitreal injections.
- To explore cooling anesthesia as an alternative to current standard-of-care anesthetic methods.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of PubMed and MedLine databases for studies on anesthesia for intravitreal injections.
- Focus on cooling anesthesia, its mechanisms, and clinical trial data (COOL-1, COOL-2).
Main Results:
- Cooling anesthesia demonstrates potential in reducing patient discomfort during intravitreal injections.
- Ultrarapid cooling anesthesia is highlighted as a promising technique.
Conclusions:
- Cooling anesthesia presents a viable alternative for managing pain and anxiety in patients undergoing intravitreal injections.
- Further research and adoption of cooling anesthesia could improve patient adherence to vital retinal treatments.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
513
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
One of the advantages of...
513
01:29Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
477
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
477
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
181
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
181
01:11Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
715
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
715
01:30Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia
1.2K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.2K
01:24General Anesthesia: Overview
265
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
265