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Diagnosis and management of post-COVID (Long COVID) in children: a moving target

Rosa Morello1, Laura Martino1, Danilo Buonsenso1,2

  • 1Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|January 20, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Post-COVID condition (PCC) affects 1-3% of children after SARS-CoV-2 infection, presenting complex symptoms for at least three months. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach for comprehensive care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Post-COVID condition (PCC), or Long COVID, is a complex clinical issue in children following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • While no universal definition exists, PCC is characterized by persistent symptoms for over three months without alternative diagnoses.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes recent findings on pediatric PCC, covering epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and management strategies.
  • It examines current knowledge gaps and emerging evidence in the field.

Key Points:

  • Available data suggest 1-3% of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection may develop PCC.
  • The exact pathogenesis remains unclear, but potential factors include immune dysregulation, metabolic alterations, gut microbiome changes, and chronic endothelitis.
  • Management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on diagnostics, research participation, and mental health support.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric PCC presents unique challenges requiring further research and standardized diagnostic criteria.
  • A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach is crucial for effective patient care and support.
Abstract

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