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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of MicroRNA Expression in Kidney and Serum of Mice with Age-Dependent Renal Impairment
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Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of MicroRNA Expression in Kidney and Serum of Mice with Age-Dependent Renal Impairment

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Liver Damage and microRNAs: An Update.

Erika Cione1,2, Diana Marisol Abrego Guandique2,3, Maria Cristina Caroleo2,3

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|January 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as specific biomarkers for liver damage, including drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Circulating miR-122 is a validated biomarker for DILI, and miRNAs may enable early HBV detection.

Keywords:
drug-induced liver injuryearly biomarkershepatitis B virus infectionmicroRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • The liver performs vital functions, including metabolism and detoxification.
  • Current serum biomarkers lack specificity for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) or viral hepatitis.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) offer potential for specific liver damage detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on drug-induced liver damage and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  • To focus on the role of miRNAs as early biomarkers for these liver conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on drug-induced liver injury (DILI).
  • Review of research on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its link to liver damage.
  • Analysis of the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Circulating miR-122 is a validated human biomarker for DILI, with increased levels correlating to liver function.
  • miRNAs show potential for early detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, particularly in infancy.
  • Further research is needed to develop robust models for studying HBV molecular mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a promising avenue for specific and early detection of liver damage.
  • miR-122 is a key biomarker for drug-induced liver injury (DILI).
  • Further investigation into miRNAs could significantly advance the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.