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Related Concept Videos

Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation on Two- and Three-dimensional Type I Collagen Substrates
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Iris Pallida Extract Alleviates Cortisol-Induced Decrease in Type 1 Collagen and Hyaluronic Acid Syntheses in Human

Jung Ha Choo1, Hong Gu Lee1, So Young Lee1

  • 1Science Research Park, LG Household and Healthcare Ltd., Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|January 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Iris pallida extract (IPE) inhibits cortisol effects on skin cells, protecting collagen and hyaluronic acid. This natural compound may treat stress-related skin aging and damage.

Keywords:
Iris pallidacollagencortisolglucocorticoid receptorglucocorticoidshyaluronic acidstress

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Cosmetology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Excess cortisol negatively impacts skin health, leading to degradation of essential components.
  • Iris pallida (IP) possesses known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting potential skin benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inhibitory effect of Iris pallida extract (IPE) on cortisol activity in human skin cells.
  • To assess IPE's potential to counteract cortisol-induced skin damage.

Main Methods:

  • Human skin cells were exposed to cortisol, with and without IPE treatment.
  • Procollagen type 1, hyaluronic acid (HA) levels, and gene expression (COL1A1, HAS2, HAS3) were analyzed.
  • Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) translocation was monitored.
  • High-performance liquid chromatography identified key IPE components.

Main Results:

  • IPE significantly recovered cortisol-induced decreases in procollagen type 1 (106%) and HA (31%).
  • IPE normalized gene expression of COL1A1, HAS2, and HAS3 suppressed by cortisol.
  • IPE inhibited cortisol-induced GR nuclear translocation, similar to mifepristone.
  • The isoflavone irigenin in IPE restored collagen type 1 levels by 82%.

Conclusions:

  • IPE acts as a cortisol inhibitor in human skin cells.
  • IPE prevents collagen and HA degradation by blocking GR nuclear translocation.
  • IPE shows potential as a cosmetic or herbal ingredient for managing stress-related skin changes.