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Updated: Aug 13, 2025

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Pre-frontal stimulation does not reliably increase reward responsiveness.

L M Hadden1, H Penny2, A L Jones3

  • 1Cardiff University, School of Psychology, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|January 20, 2023
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

This study found transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) did not increase reward responsiveness in participants, questioning its efficacy for depression treatment. Exploratory analysis indicated active TMS might reduce positive affect.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Depression is a leading cause of global disability, with suicide causing over 800,000 deaths annually.
  • Neuromodulatory treatments like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are used for depression, despite questions about efficacy and mechanisms.
  • Previous studies suggested excitatory TMS increases reward responsiveness, but replication and dependency on trait reward responsiveness remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To replicate Ahn et al.'s (2013) study on TMS and reward responsiveness.
  • To test the reliability of TMS effects and their dependency on trait reward responsiveness, as suggested by Duprat et al. (2016).
  • To investigate the impact of TMS on affect (positive and negative).

Main Methods:

Keywords:
AnhedoniaDepressionReplicationReward responsivenessTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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  • Replication of Ahn et al. (2013) using excitatory and sham TMS.
  • Volunteers completed a probabilistic learning task to measure reward responsiveness before and after stimulation.
  • Assessment of positive and negative affect following TMS.
  • Main Results:

    • The probabilistic learning task effectively measured reward responsiveness, irrespective of TMS.
    • This study did not replicate findings that excitatory TMS increases reward responsiveness; evidence favored the null hypothesis.
    • Exploratory analyses indicated that active TMS potentially reduced positive affect.

    Conclusions:

    • The efficacy of TMS for depression treatment is questioned due to a failure to replicate key findings.
    • The potential for active TMS to decrease positive affect warrants caution, especially for individuals with depression.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the biological mechanisms and clinical utility of TMS for depression.