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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Comparative Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Goal-directed behavior relies on learning unobservable environmental aspects (latent features).
  • Information-seeking is essential for latent feature learning, but prior studies confounded reward and information seeking.
  • Distinguishing between reward and information seeking is critical for understanding learning mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how humans and monkeys seek information to learn latent features.
  • To disentangle the roles of reward and information in decision-making during learning.
  • To explore the relationship between foraging behavior and learning efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a novel grid-search task for humans and monkeys to uncover hidden shapes.
  • Allowed for the separation of reward and information outcomes from tile selections.
  • Analyzed choice sequences to identify information-seeking patterns.

Main Results:

  • Both humans and monkeys effectively learned shapes on the grid.
  • Participants prioritized informative choices over rewarding ones early in trials.
  • Behavior exhibited a foraging pattern, searching until information outcomes decreased.
  • Human learning speed correlated with adherence to the foraging pattern.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive information foraging underlies latent feature learning in humans and monkeys.
  • This mechanism supports goal-directed behavior by facilitating the acquisition of environmental knowledge.
  • An unexpected link exists between foraging strategies and learning efficiency.