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Strongly coupled quantum Otto cycle with single qubit bath.

Sagnik Chakraborty1, Arpan Das1, Dariusz Chruściński1

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This study models two-qubit quantum systems where one qubit acts as a bath to thermalize the other. It derives a master equation and analyzes a quantum Otto cycle, revealing effects of finite baths and non-Markovianity.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Understanding quantum thermalization is crucial for quantum computing and thermodynamics.
  • Existing models often rely on weak coupling and Markovian approximations, limiting applicability.
  • Investigating finite-size baths and non-Markovian effects is essential for realistic quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model for closed quantum evolution of two qubits where one acts as a thermalizing bath.
  • To derive the exact master equation for the system qubit.
  • To analyze the thermodynamic properties of a quantum Otto cycle coupled to a single-qubit bath, considering finite bath effects.

Main Methods:

  • Formulating a two-qubit closed quantum system with a specifically chosen joint Hamiltonian.
  • Deriving the exact master equation for the system qubit.
  • Constructing a quantum Otto cycle using a single-qubit bath and analyzing its performance.

Main Results:

  • The derived master equation can take the Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan (GKLS) form for specific parameters, exhibiting constant pumping and damping coefficients.
  • Closed-form expressions for efficiency and power were obtained for both heat engine and refrigerator regimes.
  • The study illustrates the impact of finite baths and non-Markovian dynamics on thermodynamic properties.

Conclusions:

  • A realistic model for quantum thermalization and thermodynamic cycles is presented, going beyond weak coupling approximations.
  • The findings provide insights into the behavior of quantum heat engines and refrigerators operating with finite quantum baths.
  • The work highlights the importance of considering non-Markovian effects in quantum thermodynamic analysis.