Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

578
Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
578
Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

13.2K
A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
13.2K
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

6.3K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
6.3K
Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

11.7K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
11.7K
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

7.1K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
7.1K
Random Error01:04

Random Error

1.2K
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evidence of spin-phonon-charge coupling and spin-orbit excitations in quasi-one-dimensional Ising spin chain system<i>α</i>-CoV<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2026
Same author

Interactive anisotropic walks in two dimensions generated from a three-state opinion dynamics model.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Uniaxial Strain-Dependent Resonant Raman Scattering in WS<sub>2</sub>.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Signatures of magnon-phonon coupling in frustrated double perovskite square lattices.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2025
Same author

Ultrabroad Near Infrared Emitting Perovskites.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2024
Same author

Entropy-Driven Reversible Melting and Recrystallization of Layered Hybrid Perovskites.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

329

Random walk with multiple memory channels.

Surajit Saha1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India.

Physical Review. E
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new class of random walk models with memory (RWnMC) uses past steps to predict future movement. The random walk with 2 memory channels (RW2MC) exhibits diffusive and superdiffusive behaviors, applicable to population dynamics.

More Related Videos

T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice
17:45

T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice

Published on: February 26, 2012

40.1K
The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

329
T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice
17:45

T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice

Published on: February 26, 2012

40.1K
The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Mathematical Physics
  • Stochastic Processes
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Traditional random walk models often lack memory, limiting their applicability to complex systems.
  • Incorporating memory into random walks is crucial for modeling phenomena with path-dependent behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel class of discrete-time random walk models with memory, termed random walk with n memory channels (RWnMC).
  • To analyze the statistical properties of the RWnMC, specifically for the case of n=2 (RW2MC).
  • To establish a connection between RWnMC models and Pólya-type urn models.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the theoretical framework for RWnMC models.
  • Exact analytical calculation of the mean and variance for the RW2MC model.
  • Exploration of the relationship between RWnMC and Pólya urn schemes.

Main Results:

  • The RWnMC model successfully incorporates memory by utilizing information from n previous steps.
  • Exact calculations for RW2MC reveal potential for both diffusive and superdiffusive behavior depending on parameter regimes.
  • A direct link is established between RWnMC and Pólya-type urn models, particularly for RW2MC.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed RWnMC models offer a flexible framework for studying memory effects in random walks.
  • The RW2MC model's diverse behaviors suggest its utility in modeling complex systems.
  • The connection to Pólya urn models highlights potential applications in population dynamics, especially for multi-species competition.