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Related Concept Videos

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

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Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
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Fast Micro-iontophoresis of Glutamate and GABA: A Useful Tool to Investigate Synaptic Integration
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Portable Iontophoresis Device for Efficient Drug Delivery.

Moonjeong Bok1,2, Young Il Kwon3, Zheng Min Huang4

  • 1Department of Science Education/Creative Convergent Manufacturing Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea.

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|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a wearable facial device for efficient drug delivery via iontophoresis. The innovative design enhances skin moisture and drug absorption using electrical stimulation, offering a novel approach to transdermal therapy.

Keywords:
diffusiondrug absorptioniontophoresisrhodaminetransdermal administration

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Effective drug delivery to targeted body sites is crucial for treatment success.
  • Transdermal drug delivery systems offer a non-invasive alternative to traditional methods.
  • Iontophoresis utilizes electrical current to enhance drug penetration through the skin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a portable, wearable facial device for efficient drug delivery using iontophoresis.
  • To investigate the manufacturing process and numerical modeling of the iontophoresis system.
  • To assess the efficacy of the device in enhancing skin moisture and drug absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Manufacture of direct current and pulse ionization power supplies via injection molding.
  • Integration of silver (Ag) metal wire electrodes into facial mask packs.
  • Numerical modeling of skin diffusion and iontophoresis processes.
  • In vitro analysis using rhodamine B to quantify drug absorption and skin hydration.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of wearable facial masks with integrated electrical stimulation elements.
  • Numerical simulations accurately modeled the iontophoresis and diffusion phenomena.
  • Demonstrated significant increase in skin moisture content.
  • Confirmed effective drug absorption under an applied electric field.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed wearable facial device effectively delivers drugs using iontophoresis.
  • The study validates a novel method for enhancing transdermal drug absorption with wearable technology.
  • This approach offers a promising new avenue for localized and efficient drug delivery.