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A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

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Eyes-Open and Eyes-Closed Resting State Network Connectivity Differences.

Junrong Han¹, Liwei Zhou², Hang Wu²

¹Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.

|January 21, 2023

Summary

Resting state brain networks show increased integration with eyes closed (EC) and greater specialization with eyes open (EO). The salience network (SN) acts as a switch, modulating connections between the default mode network (DMN) and visual network (VN).

Keywords:

eyes closed eyes open fMRI resting state network salience network

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Functional Neuroimaging

Background:

Resting state networks (RSNs) are crucial for brain function, exhibiting complex interactions.
Transitions between eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) states alter RSN connectivity patterns.
The precise mechanisms of these connectivity changes remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how functional connectivity (FC) within and between major RSNs changes between EC and EO resting states.
To identify specific network dynamics, particularly the role of the salience network (SN), during state transitions.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to scan healthy participants in both EC and EO resting conditions.
Functional connectivity (FC) analysis was performed on seven key RSNs: salience network (SN), default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), dorsal attention network (DAN), visual network (VN), motor network (MN), and auditory network (AN).
FC maps were compared between the EC and EO states for each network.

Main Results:

Most RSNs exhibited increased inter-network connectivity during EC compared to EO.
This suggests enhanced global brain integration in the EC state and increased modularity or specialization in the EO state.
The SN showed distinct behavior, increasing connectivity with the DMN and decreasing connectivity with the VN during the EO to EC transition.

Conclusions:

The findings indicate a shift from integrated to specialized brain network organization between EC and EO resting states.
The salience network (SN) may act as a dynamic circuit switch, regulating interactions between the DMN and VN during state transitions.
These results provide novel insights into the dynamic modulation of brain network architecture by sensory input during rest.