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Polymorphisms in ACE1, TMPRSS2, IFIH1, IFNAR2, and TYK2 Genes Are Associated with Worse Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19

Cristine Dieter1,2, Leticia de Almeida Brondani1,3, Natália Emerim Lemos1

  • 1Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.

Genes
|January 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in ACE1, IFIH1, IFNAR2, TMPRSS2, and TYK2 are linked to severe COVID-19 outcomes. These genetic polymorphisms particularly increase risk in female and non-white patients, highlighting their role in disease variability.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • While age, sex, and comorbidities influence COVID-19 severity, they don't fully explain individual differences.
  • Previous research on genetic polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity yielded inconclusive results.
  • Understanding genetic factors is crucial for predicting COVID-19 clinical course and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific genetic polymorphisms and the clinical course of COVID-19.
  • To identify genetic variants that predict severe COVID-19 outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality.
  • To explore potential interactions between polymorphisms and their combined effect on COVID-19 severity.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of polymorphisms in ACE1, ACE2, DPP9, IFIH1, IFNAR2, IFNL4, TLR3, TMPRSS2, and TYK2 in 694 COVID-19 patients.
  • Categorization of patients based on symptom severity (ward vs. ICU admission) and survival status (survivors vs. non-survivors).
  • Statistical analysis to determine the association between specific genotypes/alleles and clinical outcomes, with stratification by sex and ethnicity.

Main Results:

  • In females, the rs1990760/IFIH1 T/T genotype correlated with increased risk of ICU admission and death.
  • The rs1799752/ACE1 Ins allele and rs12329760/TMPRSS2 T allele were associated with higher risk of ICU admission.
  • In non-white patients, rs2236757/IFNAR2 A/A genotype was linked to ICU admission risk, while rs1799752/ACE1 Ins/Ins, rs2236757/IFNAR2 A/A, and rs12329760/TMPRSS2 T allele were associated with mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Specific genetic polymorphisms in ACE1, IFIH1, IFNAR2, TMPRSS2, and TYK2 are associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes.
  • These associations are particularly pronounced in female and non-white patient populations.
  • The findings underscore the role of genetic factors in COVID-19 severity and highlight potential disparities in disease outcomes.

Keywords:
ACE1COVID-19IFIH1IFNAR2SARS-CoV-2TMPRSS2TYK2polymorphisms

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