Effect of Adsorption Deacidification on the Quality of Peony Seed Oil

To overcome the issues in the traditional deacidification processes of peony seed oil (PSO), such as losses of neutral oil and trace nutrients, waste discharge, and high energy consumption, adsorption deacidification was developed. The acid removal capacity of adsorbent-alkali microcrystalline cellulose was evaluated using the isothermal adsorption equilibrium and the pseudo-first-order rate equation. The optimized adsorption deacidification conditions included adsorbent-alkali microcrystalline cellulose at 3%, a heating temperature of 50 °C, and a holding time of 60 min. The physicochemical, bioactive properties, antioxidant capacities, and oxidative stabilities of PSO processed by alkali refining and oil-hexane miscella deacidification were compared under the same operating conditions. Fatty acid content was not significantly different across all three methods. The deacidification rates were 88.29%, 98.11%, and 97.76%, respectively, for adsorption deacidification, alkali refining, and oil-hexane miscella deacidification. Among the three deacidification samples, adsorption deacidification showed the highest retention of tocopherols (92.66%), phytosterols (91.96%), and polyphenols (70.64%). Additionally, the obtained extract preserved about 67.32% of the total antioxidant activity. The oil stability index was increased 1.35 times by adsorption deacidification. Overall, adsorption deacidification can be considered a promising extraction technology in terms of quality as compared to alkali refining and oil-hexane miscella deacidification.