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Online Health Information Seeking: An Italian Case Study for Analyzing Citizens' Behavior and Perception.

Alessia D'Andrea¹, Patrizia Grifoni¹, Fernando Ferri¹

¹Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies, National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|January 21, 2023

Summary

This study reveals that Italians aged 19-60 generally trust online health and COVID-19 information sources. Greater experience with online health information correlates with better detection of misinformation.

Keywords:

COVID-19 fake information health information information-seeking behavior

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Area of Science:

Health communication
Information science
Behavioral science

Background:

The proliferation of online health information necessitates understanding user behavior and trust.
Assessing the credibility of health information, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate online health information-seeking behaviors among Italian adults.
To evaluate perceptions of trustworthiness and credibility of online health and COVID-19 information, sources, and actors.
To identify correlations between individual characteristics, search behavior, and information credibility perception.

Main Methods:

A questionnaire-based survey was administered to residents of Italy aged 19-60.
Data analysis focused on online health information-seeking patterns and trust in sources.
Statistical methods were employed to identify correlations between variables.

Main Results:

Data indicate reassuring levels of trust in actors and sources for health and COVID-19 information.
A correlation was found between individual features, online health information-seeking behavior, and perception.
Positive correlations exist between perceived information influence on health knowledge and false information detection ability.
Experience in detecting false health information is linked to improved detection skills.
Experience in finding online health information correlates with experience in identifying false COVID-19 information.

Conclusions:

Italian adults exhibit a generally positive perception of the trustworthiness of online health and COVID-19 information.
Information literacy and experience play a significant role in discerning credible health information online.
Further research can build upon these findings to enhance public health communication strategies.