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Clinical, Histopathologic and Genetic Features of Rhabdoid Meningiomas.

Patricia Alejandra Garrido Ruiz1,2, María González-Tablas2,3,4, Alejandro Pasco Peña5

  • 1Neurosurgery Service of the University Hospital of Salamanca, Surgery Department, University of Salamancaca (USAL), Paseo de la Transición Española, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

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|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Rhabdoid meningiomas (RM) exhibit diverse genetic changes. Two distinct genetic subgroups were identified based on chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA), with combined losses and gains correlating to higher grade tumors and worse outcomes.

Keywords:
chromosome copy number alterationsdiagnosishistopathologyprognosisrhabdoid meningiomasurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Rhabdoid meningiomas (RM) present heterogeneous histological features.
  • The clinical course of RM is often unpredictable, linked to various chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA) in a large cohort of Rhabdoid Meningiomas (RM).
  • To identify potential genetic subgroups within RM based on CNA profiles.
  • To correlate genetic subgroups with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 305 previously reported RM samples and 33 new samples.
  • Comprehensive assessment of chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA) across the RM cohort.
  • Classification of RM into genetic subgroups based on CNA profiles.

Main Results:

  • Monosomy 22 (22q11.23 loss) was the most frequent alteration.
  • Other common alterations included losses of chromosomes 14, 1, 6, 19 and gains of chromosomes 17, 1q, 20, 13q14.2, 10p13, 21q21.2.
  • Two genetic subgroups emerged: (1) chromosomal losses only, and (2) combined losses and gains.
  • The combined losses and gains subgroup showed a higher frequency of WHO grade 3 tumors and poorer clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Rhabdoid meningiomas (RM) can be classified into two distinct genetic subgroups based on CNA profiles.
  • The presence of combined chromosomal losses and gains is associated with more aggressive disease (WHO grade 3) and worse prognosis in RM.
  • CNA profiling offers valuable insights into the heterogeneity and clinical behavior of Rhabdoid Meningiomas.