The New Materials for Battery Electrode Prototypes

In this article, we present the performance of Copper (Cu)/Graphene Nano Sheets (GNS) and C-π (Graphite, GNS, and Nitrogen-doped Graphene Nano Sheets (N-GNS)) as a new battery electrode prototype. The objectives of this research are to develop a number of prototypes of the battery electrode, namely Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//C-π, and to evaluate their respective performances. The GNS, N-GNS, and primary battery electrode prototypes (Cu/GNS/Electrolyte/C-π) were synthesized by using a modified Hummers method; the N-doped sheet was obtained by doping nitrogen at room temperature and the impregnation or the composite techniques, respectively. Commercial primary battery electrodes were also used as a reference in this research. The Graphite, GNS, N-GNS, commercial primary batteries electrode, and battery electrode prototypes were analyzed using an XRD, SEM-EDX, and electrical multimeter, respectively. The research data show that the Cu particles are well deposited on the GNS and N-GNS (XRD and SEM-EDX data). The presence of the Cu metal and electrolytes (NH₄Cl and MnO₂) materials can increase the electrical conductivities (335.6 S cm^-1) and power density versus the energy density (4640.47 W kg^-1 and 2557.55 Wh kg^-1) of the Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//N-GNS compared to the commercial battery (electrical conductivity (902.2 S cm^-1) and power density versus the energy density (76 W kg^-1 and 43.95 W kg^-1). Based on all of the research data, it may be concluded that Cu/GNS//Electrolyte//N-GNS can be used as a new battery electrode prototype with better performances and electrical activities.