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Acoustic Wake-Up Technology for Microsystems: A Review.

Deng Yang1,2,3,4,5, Jiahao Zhao1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

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Acoustic wake-up technologies enable ultra-low power microsystems for long-term monitoring. This review covers acoustic sensing, recognition, and system architectures, paving the way for widespread Internet of Things applications.

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acoustic recognitionacoustic transduceracoustic wake-upmicrosystemsystem architecture

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Area of Science:

  • * Microsystems and Sensor Technology
  • * Signal Processing and Machine Learning

Background:

  • * Microsystems require ultra-low power consumption for unattended, long-term, and large-scale monitoring.
  • * Acoustic wake-up is a key strategy to reduce power usage, particularly for sparse event detection.
  • * Essential components include acoustic sensing, recognition, and system mode switching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review state-of-the-art acoustic wake-up technologies for microsystems.
  • * To explore advancements in MEMS acoustic transducers, recognition algorithms, and system architectures.
  • * To identify challenges and future research directions for acoustic wake-up systems.

Main Methods:

  • * Investigation of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) acoustic transducers (microphones, hydrophones, switches).
  • * Study and summarization of acoustic features and classification algorithms for event recognition.
  • * Analysis of four distinct system wake-up architectures, including zero-power options.

Main Results:

  • * MEMS transducers with low power, high sensitivity, low noise, and small size are crucial.
  • * Enhanced recognition performance typically requires more features and computation, increasing power consumption.
  • * Zero-power recognition and sleep architectures offer potential for near-zero power consumption.

Conclusions:

  • * Acoustic wake-up microsystems are vital for efficient, low-power monitoring in diverse applications.
  • * Future breakthroughs in hardware and software will enable ultra-long-term, large-scale deployments.
  • * These systems are poised to play a significant role in the Internet of Things (IoT).