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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Fluorescence Live-cell Imaging of the Complete Vegetative Cell Cycle of the Slow-growing Social Bacterium Myxococcus xanthus
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Chemotactic Responses of Xanthomonas with Different Host Ranges.

Marta Sena-Vélez1,2, Elisa Ferragud2, Cristina Redondo2

  • 1Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA 1207, L'institut National de Recherche pour L'agriculture, L'alimentation et L'environneme (INRAE) USC1328, Orléans University, BP 6759, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France.

Microorganisms
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Different Xanthomonas strains show varied chemotactic responses to carbon sources and citrus apoplasts. This suggests they use host-specific signals to locate and enter plants through stomata or wounds, impacting citrus bacterial canker and spot diseases.

Keywords:
CitrusMCPsbacterial motilitymethyl-accepting chemotaxis proteinsxanthomonads

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Citrus bacterial canker (CBC), caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc), affects most Citrus species.
  • Narrow-host-range Xcc strains (A^w, A*) infect only specific citrus varieties like Mexican lime.
  • Xanthomonas pathogens initially enter plants via stomata into the apoplast.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate chemotactic response differences between wide and narrow-host-range Xanthomonas strains.
  • To compare carbon source utilization and chemotaxis sensor content.
  • To analyze responses to apoplastic fluids from different host plants.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of Xcc strains, X. euvesicatoria pv. citrumelonis, and X. campestris pv. campestris.
  • Assessing carbon source utilization and chemotactic responses to specific compounds.
  • Evaluating responses to apoplastic fluids from Citrus spp. and Chinese cabbage.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in chemotactic responses to carbon sources and apoplastic fluids were observed among Xanthomonas strains.
  • Responses varied based on the specific Xanthomonas strain and the host plant origin of the apoplastic fluid.
  • Chemotaxis sensor content differed across the tested strains.

Conclusions:

  • Differential chemotaxis suggests Xanthomonas strains possess mechanisms to sense host-specific signals.
  • These host-specific signals likely guide pathogens to stomatal openings or wounds for successful infection.
  • Understanding these chemotactic behaviors can inform strategies for managing citrus bacterial diseases.