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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
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Inverse Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Elevated Intraocular Pressure.

Jun-Hyuk Lee1,2, Yu-Jin Kwon3, Hye Sun Lee4

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea.

Nutrients
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Low vitamin D levels are linked to higher intraocular pressure (IOP), a risk factor for glaucoma. This study found that sufficient vitamin D may help reduce IOP, potentially preventing glaucoma.

Keywords:
25-hydroxyvitamin Dglaucomaintraocular pressure

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Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Elevated intraocular pressure (EIOP) is a primary modifiable risk factor for glaucoma.
  • Low serum vitamin D levels are implicated as a potential glaucoma risk factor, but evidence linking vitamin D to EIOP is conflicting.
  • Potential mechanisms include oxidative stress and systemic inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and EIOP.
  • To analyze data from a large cohort of individuals visiting a health promotion center.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 15,338 individuals.
  • Employed cubic spline curves to assess dose-dependent relationships.
  • Performed multiple logistic regression analysis to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

  • An inverse dose-dependent association was observed between serum 25(OH)D and EIOP.
  • Each increment in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a reduced OR for EIOP (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.990).
  • Vitamin D insufficiency and sufficiency were linked to significantly lower EIOP compared to deficiency (OR=0.72 and 0.51, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • Serum 25(OH)D levels show a significant inverse relationship with EIOP.
  • Vitamin D deficiency may warrant clinical assessment of intraocular pressure.
  • Maintaining adequate vitamin D levels could be a preventive strategy against glaucoma development.