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Effects of Particle Geometry for PLGA-Based Nanoparticles: Preparation and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation
Meryem Kaplan1,2, Kıvılcım Öztürk1, Süleyman Can Öztürk3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
Pharmaceutics
|January 21, 2023
Summary
Nanoparticle shape influences drug release, with spherical particles showing higher release rates. However, nanoparticle shape did not affect toxicity or tumor accumulation in lung cancer models.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Physicochemical properties of nanocarriers significantly impact biological behavior and therapeutic outcomes.
- Understanding shape-dependent cellular interactions and biodistribution is crucial for rational drug delivery system design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically investigate the in vitro and in vivo behavior of spherical, rod, and elliptical disk-shaped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles.
- To compare the effects of nanoparticle shape on drug release, cellular uptake, biodistribution, and safety.
Main Methods:
- Development and characterization of PLGA nanoparticles with varying shapes (spherical, rod, elliptical disk).
- In vitro assessment of drug encapsulation (human serum albumin - HSA), drug release kinetics, and cellular toxicity.
- In vivo evaluation of nanoparticle biodistribution and tumor accumulation in nude mice bearing non-small cell lung cancer.
Main Results:
- Spherical nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher release of encapsulated HSA compared to rod and elliptical disk shapes.
- PLGA nanoparticle toxicity was not found to be shape-dependent within the tested concentration range.
- No statistically significant differences in nanoparticle accumulation were observed in tumor tissue or other organs across different shapes.
Conclusions:
- Nanoparticle shape is a critical factor influencing drug release kinetics.
- While shape affects drug release, it does not appear to alter the safety profile or tumor targeting efficiency of PLGA nanoparticles in this lung cancer model.
