VKECE-3D: Energy-Efficient Coverage Enhancement in Three-Dimensional Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Based on...

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Network Engineering

Background:

• Traditional 2D coverage methods are inadequate for 3D heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
• Existing methods often neglect network lifespan and fail to optimize coverage in 3D space.
• Network coverage and operational life are critical for Quality of Service (QoS) in WSNs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an energy-efficient coverage enhancement method for 3D heterogeneous WSNs.
• To minimize active nodes while maintaining complete network coverage.
• To improve both network coverage and extend the network's operational lifetime.

Main Methods:

• Proposed VKECE-3D method utilizing 3D-Voronoi partitioning and the K-means algorithm.
• Implemented a dual-deployment strategy with polynomial mutation for improved node uniformity.
• Calculated optimal perceptual radius using K-means and 3D-Voronoi partitioning.
• Introduced multi-hop communication and polling mechanisms to reduce energy consumption.

Main Results:

• VKECE-3D effectively minimizes active nodes while ensuring full coverage.
• The method significantly enhances network coverage quality.
• Simulation results show substantial improvements in network lifetime compared to existing solutions.
• Achieved a balance between coverage efficiency and energy conservation.

Conclusions:

• VKECE-3D offers a superior approach for energy-efficient coverage in 3D heterogeneous WSNs.
• The proposed method addresses the limitations of traditional 2D coverage techniques in 3D environments.
• VKECE-3D provides a practical solution for enhancing QoS by optimizing coverage and network longevity.