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Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Use of the Operant Orofacial Pain Assessment Device OPAD to Measure Changes in Nociceptive Behavior
Published on: June 10, 2013
C A Feldman1,2, J Fredericks-Younger1, P J Desjardins1
1School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Fixed-dose nonopioid analgesia, specifically ibuprofen and acetaminophen, effectively managed pain after third molar extraction, outperforming opioid medications. This offers a safer alternative for postsurgical pain management.
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