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Neonatal respiratory support related to lung function abnormalities in school-age children with bronchopulmonary

Yume Suzuki1, Yumi Kono2, Yukari Yada2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan. yume@jichi.ac.jp.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|January 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) needing positive-pressure support at 37 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) show higher risks of abnormal lung function (LF) in later childhood. This highlights a key indicator for long-term respiratory health in premature infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Neonatology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting premature infants.
  • Long-term respiratory outcomes in BPD survivors are not fully understood.
  • Neonatal respiratory support strategies may influence school-age lung function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between neonatal respiratory support and lung function (LF) abnormalities at school age in children with BPD.
  • To identify specific respiratory support parameters indicative of future lung function deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 78 children with BPD, evaluating LF via spirometry at 8-9 years.
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for abnormal LF.
  • Control for perinatal factors and assessment of respiratory support type and postmenstrual age (PMA).

Main Results:

  • 31% of BPD children exhibited abnormal LF at school age.
  • Antenatal steroid use was linked to a reduced risk of abnormal LF (aOR, 0.31).
  • Positive-pressure support at 37 weeks' PMA significantly correlated with abnormal LF (aOR, 4.58), while low-flow oxygen did not.

Conclusions:

  • Positive-pressure respiratory support at 37 weeks' PMA serves as a potential indicator for abnormal lung function in school-aged children with BPD.
  • Early identification of high-risk infants can inform targeted interventions for improved long-term respiratory health.
Abstract

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