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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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A methodology for using Lambda phages as a proxy for pathogen transmission in hospitals.

K B Burke1, B A Berryhill2, R Garcia3

  • 1Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|January 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major concern. This study introduces bacteriophage Lambda (λ) as a novel method to track pathogen transmission from surfaces and healthcare workers (HCWs), improving infection control.

Keywords:
BacteriophageContaminationHealthcare workersHospital-acquired infectionInfection preventionLambda phage

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infection Prevention and Control
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose a significant risk to hospitalized patients.
  • Identifying pathogen sources and transmission routes is crucial for effective infection control.
  • Current methods for monitoring pathogen spread require enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method utilizing bacteriophage Lambda (λ) for tracking pathogen transmission in healthcare settings.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of infection control procedures in simulated hospital environments.
  • To identify sources and transmission dynamics of microbial contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Genetically marked bacteriophage Lambda (λ) were inoculated onto simulated contamination hotspots on mannequins.
  • Healthcare workers (HCWs) performed patient care tasks in a simulated room, with samples collected from HCWs and surfaces.
  • Disinfection efficacy was assessed, and phage presence, identity, and density were analyzed post-simulation.

Main Results:

  • The bacteriophage Lambda (λ) method successfully identified contamination sources and quantified transmission linked to HCW practices.
  • This technique allowed for standardized, simultaneous tracking of multiple contaminants during patient care simulations.
  • Bacteriophage Lambda (λ) proved susceptible to hospital disinfectants, enabling accurate evaluation of transmission dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The bacteriophage Lambda (λ) method offers a robust approach for evaluating infection prevention strategies and understanding pathogen spread.
  • This technique can be adapted to identify microbial contamination sources and transmission in diverse settings beyond healthcare.
  • The study highlights the utility of bacteriophages as biological surrogates for monitoring and controlling infectious agents.