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Related Experiment Videos

AIDS in an infant causing severe failure to thrive.

A C Elias-Jones1, V F Larcher, E H Price

  • 1Queen Elizabeth Children's Hospital, London.

The Journal of Infection
|July 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

A nine-month-old infant with severe failure to thrive, pneumonia, and developmental delay was diagnosed with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This diagnosis confirmed vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Infants with severe failure to thrive require thorough investigation for underlying causes.
  • Early diagnosis of pediatric infections is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.

Observation:

  • A nine-month-old Jamaican infant presented with failure to thrive, recurrent pneumonia, developmental delay, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy, and hypotonia.
  • Investigations revealed polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) in urine, and lung infiltrates.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was detected in both the infant and her mother.

Findings:

  • The infant's clinical presentation and laboratory findings were consistent with advanced disease.
  • Positive HIV tests in both mother and infant strongly suggested vertical transmission.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was confirmed as the cause of the infant's severe failure to thrive.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering HIV in infants presenting with severe failure to thrive and opportunistic infections.
    • Early diagnosis and intervention for pediatric HIV can significantly alter the disease course.
    • Understanding transmission routes is vital for prevention strategies in high-risk populations.