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Stent Implantation and Balloon Angioplasty for Native and Recurrent Coarctation of the Aorta

Wei Cheng1, Zhiqiang Li1, Zankai Ye1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery II, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health.

International Heart Journal
|January 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Stent implantation shows higher success rates than balloon angioplasty for native coarctation of the aorta, with similar complication rates. Further research is needed to confirm this benefit for recurrent coarctation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) requires effective treatment to prevent long-term complications.
  • Limited evidence exists comparing stent implantation and balloon angioplasty for native (NaCo) and recurrent (ReCo) CoA.

Approach:

  • A meta-analysis systematically reviewed studies on stent implantation versus balloon angioplasty for CoA.
  • Data for NaCo and ReCo were analyzed separately, including both single-arm and comparative studies.

Key Points:

  • Stent implantation achieved higher success rates (gradient ≤ 10 mmHg) in NaCo compared to balloon angioplasty (97% vs. 83%).
  • Both methods showed similar rates of complications, mortality, reintervention, and aneurysm formation.
  • Stent implantation resulted in a significantly lower incidence of dissection in NaCo patients.

Conclusions:

  • Stent implantation appears more effective than balloon angioplasty for NaCo, offering higher success and lower dissection rates.
  • The comparative efficacy of stent implantation for ReCo requires additional investigation.

Keywords:
Aortic coarctationCoronary stentEfficacyPercutaneous coronary interventionSafety

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