Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

601
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
601
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact01:03

Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact

205
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
205
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

1.6K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
1.6K
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

1.1K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.1K
Depressants01:28

Depressants

164
Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
164
Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions01:27

Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions

244
Phase I biotransformation reductive reactions are chemical processes that modify drugs by introducing or revealing polar functional groups via reduction. Enzymes called reductases catalyze these reactions, playing a pivotal role in drug metabolism by transforming lipophilic drugs into more polar, water-soluble metabolites for easy excretion. An essential type of reductive reaction is the carbonyl group reduction, where aldehydes and ketones are reduced to alcohols. An example is the...
244

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and evaluation of weighting methods for the 2024 national pharmacist workforce study.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same author

Incidence of uterine cancer after supracervical hysterectomy.

Minerva obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Are chain pharmacy work system characteristics associated with work-life outcomes? A national study.

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA·2026
Same author

Can flaxseed "milk" prevent anthracycline mediated cardiotoxicity in women with breast cancer (CANFLAX-BC)?

Cardio-oncology (London, England)·2026
Same author

Overemployment and underemployment of part-time pharmacists: Prevalence and connection to work-life characteristics.

Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy·2025
Same author

Key-Informant Perspectives On Pharmacy-Based Methadone Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder In The US.

Health affairs (Project Hope)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

9.8K

Support, don't punish: Drug decriminalization is harm reduction.

Jeffrey P Bratberg, Adrienne Simmons, Vibhuti Arya

    Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
    |January 22, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Criminalizing drug use worsens health harms and burdens marginalized groups. Decriminalization shifts resources to public health, reducing drug-related harms and improving community safety and well-being.

    More Related Videos

    Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
    05:10

    Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

    Published on: December 11, 2016

    9.7K
    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
    08:05

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

    Published on: March 23, 2022

    2.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

    A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
    08:05

    A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

    Published on: January 5, 2018

    9.8K
    Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
    05:10

    Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

    Published on: December 11, 2016

    9.7K
    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
    08:05

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

    Published on: March 23, 2022

    2.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Pharmacology
    • Social Sciences

    Background:

    • Despite harm reduction investments, people who use drugs face high mortality and infectious disease rates.
    • Drug criminalization disproportionately harms marginalized populations and creates burdens.
    • Pharmacy professionals and students are negatively impacted by drug criminalization policies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the detrimental effects of drug criminalization.
    • To advocate for the decriminalization of drug use and possession.
    • To emphasize the role of pharmacists in supporting harm reduction and decriminalization.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review on drug policy and public health outcomes.
    • Analysis of the impact of criminalization on vulnerable populations and professionals.
    • Examination of the benefits of decriminalization as a harm reduction strategy.

    Main Results:

    • Criminalization exacerbates drug-related harms and burdens marginalized communities.
    • Decriminalization redirects resources from punishment to public health initiatives.
    • Pharmacists are crucial in advocating for and educating on decriminalization benefits.

    Conclusions:

    • Decriminalization of drug use is an urgent public health approach.
    • Shifting from criminalization to public health reduces negative impacts and enhances community safety.
    • Pharmacists should actively advocate for and educate on drug decriminalization policies.