Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

743
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
743
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

677
Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
677
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers01:17

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers

503
β1-receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. In cardiac myocytes, these receptors interact with neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic nervous system during heightened activity or danger. As a result, β1-receptors get activated, initiating a series of biochemical processes. Excessive activation of beta receptors due to chronic stress can abnormally increase heart rate and contractility, resulting in high blood pressure or hypertension. To counteract this,...
503
Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators01:23

Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators

604
Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...
604
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

729
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
729
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

799
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
799

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ALDH18A1 fuels spermine biosynthesis to sustain ferroptosis resistance in cancer and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)·2026
Same author

Circulating Extracellular Mitochondria Perpetuate Endothelial Damage via Cardiolipin-Mediated Mitophagic Overload.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026
Same author

Decoding the molecular memory of obesity using machine learning and microRNA dynamics.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

From dual to quintuple agonism for next-generation pharmacology to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes: synergistic incretin and nuclear receptor signaling.

Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports·2026
Same author

Epicardial fat enhances prediction of exercise-induced hypertension and ventricular arrhythmias in asymptomatic normotensive individuals.

European journal of internal medicine·2026
Same author

A proteomic atlas phenotyping Fabry disease identifies a precise cardiovascular risk signature that integrates mitochondrial and lysosomal pathways.

Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Updates in management of cardiorenal syndrome.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
Same journal

Sex differences in renal acid-base regulation.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
Same journal

Primary prevention of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
Same journal

Financial and policy challenges of delivering kidney replacement therapies in resource-limited settings.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
Same journal

The role of kir4.1/Kir5.1 in mediating the effect of angiotensin-II on Na-Cl-cotransporter.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
Same journal

Role of the calcium-sensing receptor in regulating calcium transport in the thick ascending limb.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Detection of Detergent-sensitive Interactions Between Membrane Proteins
10:09

Detection of Detergent-sensitive Interactions Between Membrane Proteins

Published on: March 7, 2018

6.0K

Sortilin and hypertension.

Roberta Avvisato1,2, Stanislovas S Jankauskas1,2, Fahimeh Varzideh1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sortilin, a protein involved in cell transport, plays a key role in hypertension development. New research highlights its impact on endothelial function and oxidative stress, offering potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.

More Related Videos

Two-photon Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells of an Isolated Rat Aorta
08:08

Two-photon Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells of an Isolated Rat Aorta

Published on: June 10, 2015

11.4K
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Detection of Detergent-sensitive Interactions Between Membrane Proteins
10:09

Detection of Detergent-sensitive Interactions Between Membrane Proteins

Published on: March 7, 2018

6.0K
Two-photon Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells of an Isolated Rat Aorta
08:08

Two-photon Imaging of Intracellular Ca2+ Handling and Nitric Oxide Production in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells of an Isolated Rat Aorta

Published on: June 10, 2015

11.4K
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Sortilin is a glycoprotein primarily known for its role in protein trafficking within cells.
  • Emerging evidence links Sortilin to various pathological conditions, including inflammation, arteriosclerosis, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and vascular calcification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest scientific findings on the role of Sortilin in the pathophysiology of hypertension.
  • To elucidate the functional contribution of Sortilin to the development of hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies investigating Sortilin's molecular mechanisms in hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Sortilin significantly influences endothelial function.
  • Sortilin modulates sphingolipid/ceramide homeostasis, contributing to hypertension.
  • Sortilin triggers oxidative stress, exacerbating hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Sortilin is a critical factor in hypertension pathogenesis.
  • Understanding Sortilin's role may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular medicine.
  • Further research into Sortilin pathways is warranted for developing new treatments.