Temperature sensitive nanogels for real-time imaging during transcatheter arterial embolization

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Interventional Radiology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Current vascular embolization materials for Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) have limitations including poor intraoperative imaging and vessel recanalization.
• There is a need for advanced embolization agents that offer better visualization and sustained occlusion.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and evaluate a novel intelligent thermosensitive radiopaque nanogel (INCA) for improved TAE procedures.
• To assess INCA's efficacy in intraoperative imaging, embolization effect, and long-term biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

• Poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-acrylic acid nanogel (NIPAM-co-AA) was co-assembled with iohexol to create INCA.
• INCA's properties were evaluated in a rabbit kidney embolism model using Digital subtraction angiography (DSA).
• Long-term (42-day) embolization effects and biocompatibility were assessed in New Zealand white rabbits.

Main Results:

• INCA demonstrated excellent intraoperative imaging capabilities via DSA, enabling real-time monitoring and preventing mis-embolization.
• The nanogel achieved complete and sustained embolization of the renal artery without recanalization over 42 days.
• No significant vascular complications like necrosis or calcification were observed.

Conclusions:

• The developed radiopaque thermosensitive nanogel (INCA) shows significant potential as an intelligent medical material for TAE.
• INCA addresses key challenges in TAE by providing superior intraoperative visualization and effective long-term vascular occlusion.
• This novel nanogel offers dual benefits for TAE, enhancing both procedural safety and therapeutic outcomes.