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Emergency shelter allocation planning technology for large-scale evacuation based on quantum genetic algorithm.

Yang Yin1, Xiangcheng Zhao2,3, Wei Lv2

  • 1School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.

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Summary

This study introduces an improved quantum genetic algorithm for efficient urban disaster shelter allocation. The model optimizes evacuation routes, reduces congestion, and improves safety during large-scale emergencies.

Keywords:
allocation planningemergency shelterevacuationquantum genetic algorithmurban safety

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Area of Science:

  • Urban planning
  • Disaster management
  • Computational intelligence

Background:

  • Shelter allocation is critical for urban disaster preparedness, involving complex resource allocation and traffic routing.
  • Traditional methods struggle with large-scale evacuations due to computational challenges, hindering optimal results.
  • Effective allocation minimizes congestion, enhances evacuation efficiency, and reduces casualties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved shelter allocation model for large-scale evacuations using an enhanced quantum genetic algorithm.
  • To incorporate total evacuation distance, site capacity, and dispersion into the allocation model.
  • To compare the performance of the proposed model against traditional approaches and variations.

Main Methods:

  • An improved quantum genetic algorithm (IQGA) with a spreading operation was employed.
  • The model considered constraints such as total evacuation distance and shelter capacity.
  • Allocation schemes were compared based on different spreading speeds and constraint levels.

Main Results:

  • The IQGA model with spreading operation significantly outperformed models without it.
  • Varying spreading speeds in the model yielded more reasonable and closer-to-ideal results than uniform speeds.
  • Increased constraints led to allocation results that more closely aligned with ideal scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed IQGA model offers a superior approach to shelter allocation in large-scale disaster scenarios.
  • The spreading operation and variable spreading speeds enhance the model's effectiveness and adaptability.
  • Visualizations like evacuation route and heat maps aid in understanding and implementing allocation schemes.