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Physical activity pattern in Iran: Findings from STEPS 2021.

Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi1,2, Naser Ahmadi1, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi1

  • 1Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Frontiers in Public Health
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Over half of Iranians exhibit insufficient physical activity (IPA), a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Targeted interventions are needed, especially for women and urban populations, to meet national health goals.

Keywords:
IranSTEPwise approach to risk factor surveillancecross sectional analysisphysical activitysedentary behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Non-communicable Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Insufficient physical activity (IPA) is a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
  • Iran's national action plan aims for a 20% reduction in IPA.
  • Understanding the patterns of physical activity and its determinants is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the age and sex patterns of physical activity domains, IPA, physical activity intensity, and sedentary behavior in Iran.
  • To identify factors associated with IPA at national and provincial levels.
  • To inform strategies for achieving Iran's IPA reduction target.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2021 STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) in Iran.
  • Employed the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) version two to assess physical activity across work, transport, and recreational domains.
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of IPA was 51.3%, with higher rates in women (57.87%) than men (41.93%).
  • High prevalence of inactivity was observed in recreational (79.40%), work (66.66%), and transport (49.40%) domains.
  • Sedentary behavior prevalence was 50.82%. Urban living, married status, and higher wealth index were associated with increased IPA.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of insufficient physical activity in Iran is notably high.
  • Interventions should prioritize increasing physical activity, particularly among females and in urban settings.
  • Addressing IPA is essential for NCD prevention and achieving national health objectives.