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The challenges of Plasmodium vivax human malaria infection models for vaccine development

Wanlapa Roobsoong1, Anjali Yadava2, Simon J Draper3

  • 1Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Frontiers in Immunology
|January 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Controlled Human Malaria Infection (CHMI) models are vital for malaria vaccine development. Challenges in producing Plasmodium vivax parasites in vitro and other obstacles hinder effective P. vivax CHMI and vaccine advancement.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Controlled Human Malaria Infection (CHMI) models are essential for developing new malaria vaccines.
  • Plasmodium vivax malaria poses unique challenges due to difficulties in in vitro parasite cultivation.
  • Limited availability of qualified P. vivax parasites restricts CHMI efficacy and vaccine screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the challenges associated with P. vivax CHMI for vaccine development.
  • To review lessons learned from past and ongoing clinical trials.
  • To propose a way forward for effective P. vivax CHMI to support vaccine advancement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific, logistical, and ethical obstacles in P. vivax research.
  • Analysis of challenges in P. vivax parasite production for CHMI.
  • Evaluation of lessons learned from P. vivax CHMI clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Difficulty in in vitro P. vivax culture significantly limits parasite production for CHMI.
  • Numerous scientific, logistical, and ethical hurdles impede P. vivax CHMI.
  • Both endemic and non-endemic settings face distinct challenges in P. vivax research.

Conclusions:

  • Overcoming P. vivax cultivation and CHMI challenges is critical for vaccine development.
  • Addressing scientific, logistical, and ethical barriers is necessary for progress.
  • Strategic approaches are needed to enable effective P. vivax CHMI and accelerate vaccine candidates.
Keywords:
CHMIMISTMalaria Infection Study ThailandP. vivax vaccinePlasmodium vivax in vitro culturecontrolled human malaria infectionmalaria human challenge study

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