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Related Concept Videos

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
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A CRISPR way for accelerating cereal crop improvement: Progress and challenges.

Umer Basu1, Syed Riaz Ahmed2, Basharat Ahmad Bhat3

  • 1Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

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|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR-Cas genome editing (GE) offers precise, efficient methods for improving cereal crops like wheat and rice. This technology enhances plant resilience and boosts food security by enabling targeted genetic modifications.

Keywords:
CRISPR/CasTALENsbase editingcerealscrop improvementfood securitygenome editingprime editing

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cereal grains are vital for global nutrition, necessitating continuous crop improvement for food security.
  • Traditional breeding methods for cereal crops have limitations, including imprecise genetic alterations and off-target effects.
  • Rising global population and climate change exacerbate food security challenges, demanding resilient crop varieties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of CRISPR-Cas genome editing (GE) technologies in cereal crop improvement.
  • To elaborate on the mechanisms and applications of CRISPR-Cas systems for targeted mutagenesis in cereals.
  • To highlight recent advancements in base and prime editing for developing resilient cereal crop plants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of CRISPR-Cas systems and their application in plant biotechnology.
  • Analysis of targeted mutagenesis techniques for cereal crop enhancement.
  • Exploration of base editing and prime editing advancements in genome editing.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas technology demonstrates high fidelity, accuracy, and efficacy in inducing targeted mutations in cereal crops.
  • GE technologies have been successfully applied to major cereal crops including wheat, rice, maize, barley, and millets.
  • Recent developments in base and prime editing offer new avenues for precise genetic modifications.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas genome editing is a powerful tool for accelerating cereal crop improvement and enhancing food security.
  • Targeted mutagenesis via CRISPR-Cas systems provides a precise alternative to traditional breeding methods.
  • Advancements in CRISPR-based editing promise to develop more resilient and productive cereal crop varieties.