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Relation of ACE2 with co-morbidity factors in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity

Dipannita Santra1, Amrita Banerjee1, Subrata Kr De2,3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, India.

Comparative Clinical Pathology
|January 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, disproportionately affects patients with comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes. These underlying conditions significantly increase the risk of severe illness and death from the virus.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in significant mortality globally.
  • While infection rates are high, death rates are often linked to pre-existing health conditions (comorbidities).
  • Observed gender-associated infection and death rates suggest SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the human system's internal comorbid environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of common comorbidities on COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • To explore the mechanistic links between hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular, and renovascular disorders and severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • To identify critical determinants in COVID-19 pathogenesis and mortality related to these comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of existing literature on COVID-19 and associated comorbidities.
  • Exploration of mechanistic pathways linking hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular, and renovascular disorders to SARS-CoV-2 infection severity.
  • Presentation of theoretical frameworks on comorbidity as a determinant in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes are strongly associated with increased COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • Cardiovascular and renovascular disorders also play a significant role in adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
  • SARS-CoV-2 appears to exploit or be exacerbated by the internal comorbid environment within patients.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular/renovascular disorders are critical determinants in COVID-19 pathogenesis and mortality.
  • Understanding these comorbidity interactions is crucial for managing severe COVID-19 cases.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms is warranted to inform clinical strategies and reduce mortality.
Keywords:
Comorbidity factorsHypertension and diabetesInfection and mortalityPeripheral vascular diseaseSARS-CoV-2

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