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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:23

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Normal tension glaucoma: A dynamic optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Jan Van Eijgen1,2, Alexander Heintz1, Claire van der Pluijm1

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, Research Group of Ophthalmology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Frontiers in Medicine
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) did not show dynamic changes in retinal vessel density during a hand grip test. This study confirmed retinal vessel density loss in glaucoma but suggests OCTA may not be ideal for dynamic microvascular evaluation.

Keywords:
glaucomahand grip testmicrovasculatureoptical coherence tomography angiographyretinasympathomimetic stimulus

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Vascular dysregulation is implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis, particularly normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) allows non-invasive, repeatable measurement of retinal microvasculature.
  • Dynamic OCTA examinations using stimuli are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize dynamic OCTA with a sympathomimetic stimulus.
  • To differentiate healthy individuals from glaucoma patients.
  • To distinguish between NTG and high-tension primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Main Methods:

  • Compared peripapillary retinal vessel density (VD) using OCTA.
  • Included NTG patients (n=16), POAG patients (n=12), and healthy controls (n=14).
  • Administered a hand grip test (sympathomimetic stimulus) and analyzed VD changes pre- and post-stimulus, correcting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Baseline peripapillary VD was lower in POAG and NTG compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • NTG VD was higher than POAG VD after correcting for mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p = 0.024).
  • No significant change in VD occurred in any group during the hand grip test.

Conclusions:

  • Retinal VD loss is confirmed in glaucoma patients.
  • Correction for gender, age, and MAP is crucial when analyzing OCTA data.
  • OCTA may not be optimal for dynamic retinal microvascular evaluation, necessitating further research.